The Mindful Eating approach promotes changes in the eating behavior of overweight individuals? A systematic review
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Abstract
Introduction: Energy restriction, associated with environmental, physiological, and psychological effects, is a challenge for controlling eating habits and disorders, in which Mindful Eating emerges as a relevant alternative, involving mindfulness of sensations and experiences related to food. Objective: To identify the effects of the Mindful Eating behavior therapy on the eating behavior of overweight individuals. Methods: This is a systematic review of the literature carried out from May to June 2022 in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, Scopus, and Embase databases. Articles in English and Portuguese were included, with no restriction on the year of publication. The eligibility criteria were structured according to the PICO strategy (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome). The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Amstar 2 and Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Data were synthesized and presented in charts and tables, and discussed narratively. Results: Thirteen articles were analyzed, distributed in systematic reviews, randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, and observational studies. The articles included in the review indicated that the groups treated with the Mindful Eating behavior therapy obtained significant improvements in eating behavior, with a decrease in binge eating and eating disorders, in addition to improvement in emotional eating, quality of food, and oral and cognitive control over food intake. Conclusion: Mindful Eating behavior therapy can positively modify the eating behavior of overweight and obese individuals.
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